Listening at safe volume levels should be fine, but no one knows 100%.
At least in the first few months it's recommended to let your ears rest.
I have noise induced tinnitus (repeated exposure through headphones) - and now that I've set my volumes at a safe level and listen for safe durations, my tinnitus is getting better instead of worse.
Agree with @daniel1111. Yes, headphones and ear buds are safe. It's noise levels that are dangerous. Some sound therapies for treating tinnitus use good quality earbuds.
But as per above, I might not use earbuds if I was new to tinnitus. There are "safe for kids" light weight models where buds hang by your ears and go slightly into the ear canal, instead of being inserted in.
You might find the headband fitted with speakers good for running or hook over ear plugs.
Keep the sound to a low setting and see how you go.
A lot of people get on ok with earphones but a small minority find them irritating their tinnitus.
Best used in moderation and I get on fine with mine too....lots of love glynis
Prior to when I sent back to earbuds: I used a headset designed for use with a phone that had little ear pieces that sat lightly inside your ears. Believe it was made by Siemens.
I got my T from ear buds, and not necessarily at insane levels either. Just prolonged sessions. Hours and hours of listening and editing music. Be careful. Ear buds will be at much closer proximity to the ear drums, so the sound doesn't get much dampening before it reaches your ear drum.
Would I be safe using my more expensive headphones with the volume perpetually at 70, and lower in the damaged ear with tinnitus? I'm finding media with headphones distracting enough that I don't notice my tinnitus despite them being noise cancelling but I don't know if I'm doing damage or not. These are the Panasonic RP-HTF600, I've also stopped using earbuds because they actually made my ear hurt. I'm also avoiding "loud" music like black metal and Celldweller.
Even with the volume at 70 on the headphones I tend to keep the volume around halfway on the video/song.