I too will buy some shares of Imperial. How does a person go about just buying shares on the open market? I'm new to it, but I would really like to do it.
Some people use a broker. Others prefer to do their own transactions. I am of the latter category; the reason is quite simple 1) I know what I am doing because I work in finance, and 2) by handling all the details yourself, it forces you to learn the
metier - and there is no substitute for self-knowledge. Being based in Germany, I have a bank account with Deutsche Bank - which is linked with
maxblue. After making a request to open a sub-account with maxblue, I can transfer money from my bank account to my maxblue account. Once there is a deposit in the maxblue account, I can trade as much as I want.
Believe it or not, but doing a transaction in shares is the easy part. It is all the indirect consequences of having shares that can become a headache. Why is that? Well, depending on the country you live in, you may or may not have to declare any profit you make upon selling the shares on your tax income statement. Declaring the profit can either be super easy or it can be difficult enough to require tax lawyer assistance (which costs money - requiring you to make even more profits from your shares before it becomes attractive to even consider dealing in shares). As an example, declaring your tax income statement in Denmark is quite easy (and mandatory -
everyone must declare and sign their income statement even if they have no additional income). But declaring additional income in Germany is a whole science in itself (declaring a tax income statement is not mandatory however - unless you have additional income ie. if no additional income besides your job earnings, then your tax income statement is considered settled without signature). In Switzerland, declaring income from profit on sale of shares is not required; there is no tax - and the investor keeps all the money for him- or her-self. I am actually unsure about the USA, but given the capitalistic nature of the American market, I am almost certain that you do not need to declare profits made on sale of shares. Which probably also means that you are not entitled to a tax deduction if you make a loss on the sale...
Making a profit on the sale of shares is one way to make money when dealing in shares. But there is also the topic of dividends. Dividends are company profits distributed to shareholders. This can be quarterly, bi-annually, or once per year. A company is not required to pay dividends. When dividends are paid, tax is usually automatically applied depending on country regulations. No tax income statement amendments are necessary, therefore.
As for making (good) investments, this is actually not so difficult provided you are not out to make a quick and large profit. The reason professional traders (often) make losses, is because they have timebound investments quotas. Others want to become rich quickly by getting involved in new businesses or new markets (an example could be 3D printing). I stay away from this (and I still make around double digit year-on-year ROI percentages). Key ingredients to good investments:
1) Buy with your head and not with your heart (ie. by wanting to do a good deed by investing in companies dealing in certain products eg. tinnitus cures).
2) Don't buy using borrowed money (even if the borrowed money comes from a reliable source eg. your bank; some banks will even recommend their clients to invest using borrowed money ie.
their money; "don't do it...").
3) Spread investments (also known as "hedging"; although the strict definition is slightly different).
4) Make sure you are not dependent on your invested money ie. that you are not required to sell/make a profit by a certain date.
5) Know your market (again, there is no substitute for self-knowledge).
A specific note about investing in certain markets. The pharmaceutical market is notorious for playing dirty games. By far the most common game that pharmas play is promoting their drugs for off-label use. By doing so, they stand to cash in on an already developed product. Which is good for business.
Their business. Right until the moment they get a fine for doing whatever illegal activity they are involved in. And then the shares drop, because a fine can easily reach a billion dollars or more. Investing in even established pharmas can therefore be a little "tricky", if you like. Pharmaceutical companies are also dependent on their "pipelines"; if a new product fails a phase-III clinical trial, it means a lot of time and money wasted. A big deal, in fact. So something to think about. Before investing.