I thought it would be a good idea to post on here briefly, as this is clearly a very interesting study, and it is understandable that this should generate a lot of interest... and questions.
I was a reviewer on the study, meaning I had no hand in any aspect of it, and also have no current or prior connection with the team conducting the research.
The fact that the study appears in a scientific journal indicates that I, and the other reviewer, felt that it contained findings that would be of interest to the tinnitus research community, and had no obvious flaws that clearly undermined its findings and needed to be addressed before publishing the work.
Like many of you, I found the apparent benefits to tinnitus symptoms quite astonishing. Particularly as this technique appears 'brand new' almost, being first published in a fully functioning form, rather than from a gradual series of studies and techniques each making advances on the last.
I would consider that it is, however, very premature to be making any recommendations about this being adopted into routine medical practice, or indeed any practice outside of a research setting. Firstly, it absolutely must be tested in a randomised controlled clinical trial, against a sham or placebo treatment. I do very much accept that the apparent responses obtained seem beyond that which we would expect for a placebo treatment, but the size of placebo effects can vary with many factors, including the methods of response recording, and socio-cultural factors. Ideally, this trial would be first conducted by the team leading this research, as it does seem a highly specialised method, rather than something that other medical specialists in related areas would simply be able to perform from their existing skills. If this showed a similar benefit, then larger-scale trials in different locations would be needed to inform decisions about when/how/whether to fund the technique, and training for specialists in order to be able to perform it. There are also considerations of safety, particularly as some of the injections involve placing needles very close to delicate and easily damaged nerve structures. There is a lot involved in any new treatment's journey from initial development to widespread use, and in this case it seems particularly complicated.
That said, if the technique does prove successful in robustly conducted trials, then it would obviously become a huge priority to try and get it into widespread use. The desperate need for effective tinnitus treatments is well-recognised.
Will Sedley