I don't know if there are any tests that can give a "positive" diagnosis, and I was skeptical at first but my symptoms have responded well to the medication that the doctor prescribed, and after reading the (little) information I have been able to find about it, I think the diagnosis fits.
I first lost about half the hearing in my right ear about a year ago. It was initially diagnosed as "sudden sensorineural
hearing loss" and doctors assumed it was possibly viral. I did all the steroid shots and everything and nothing made any difference. Hearing stayed relatively stable in that ear until until early December of this year when I started having episodes of intense tinnitus (like 10/10, so loud that it would obscure all other sound from that ear) that would come on and last for 8 to 12 hours, and my hearing in that ear would fluctuate during the episode and then be "stuck" at wherever it was when the episode ended, and would stay this way until I had another episode. (Hearing was usually worse).
This was happening sometimes back to back day after day and then sometimes I'd have a week inbetween episodes.
At this point I seemed to had pretty much stumped all the doctors that I had gone to - Meniere's disease seemed to be the general consensus, but I didn't have any vertigo, I also had an MRI looking specifically for Endolymphatic Hydrops (which is very common with Meniere's) that came back negative.
Around the middle of January I saw a new doctor who specializes in inner ear disorders and he thought that I likely was suffering from cochlear migraines. It seemed like a very odd diagnosis to me. I have occasionally gotten migraines (with aura) for my whole life, but only maybe twice a year or so? I do not get headaches or any other common migraine signs when I am having one of these "episodes". I'm certainly not a person who would have said that migraines were a problem for.
However, since seeing this doctor and starting on a mix of medications designed to reduce migraine occurrence and severity, the tinnitus during an episode has probably been cut down by 2/3rds and the length has gone from 8 -12 hours down to 2 or less, and my hearing in that ear almost always resolves back to it's pre - December "bad" baseline but not scary "I can't hear anything out of that ear anymore for a week" level.
So despite my initial skepticism, I am pretty convinced that this doctor got it right. My hope at this point is that things will stabilize at this level (knock on wood).