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Frequency Therapeutics — Hearing Loss Regeneration

This current study involves 24 people. Eight are being given a "low" dose and eight people are getting a "high" dose. The remaining eight are getting a placebo. I would think that any regulatory government body is going to need to see more results than 16 people receiving the drug before they get interested.
Exactly. And this is a phase II trial? Why so few people?

Searching online, I found that between 20-80 participants is common for phase I trials. Phase II usually includes 100-300 participants. Phase III participant recommendations are in the thousands.

I do not think the FDA will fast track a drug only tested on 16 people. There are so many factors that could influence both the results and side effects. For example, it's only 16 people. What if four of them experience a heart attack following the study? Does that mean 25 percent of people taking the drug will too? Or does it mean those four people are an anomaly? That some other factor like age or overall health contributed? With such a small sample size, it is not easy to determine true likelihood. Meanwhile, if 25 percent of 2,000 trial participants have a heart attack, then that's a stronger indication of a side effect.
 
If the drug works, Frequency Therapeutics needs to high-tail it; either into the next phase or for public consumption. I am in severe pain. I just don't have hearing loss. My ears hurt like hell. A hearing aid won't help that. There have to be others out there like me. We desperately need this drug if it works.
 
Exactly. And this is a phase II trial? Why so few people?

Searching online, I found that between 20-80 participants is common for phase I trials. Phase II usually includes 100-300 participants. Phase III participant recommendations are in the thousands.

I do not think the FDA will fast track a drug only tested on 16 people. There are so many factors that could influence both the results and side effects. For example, it's only 16 people. What if four of them experience a heart attack following the study? Does that mean 25 percent of people taking the drug will too? Or does it mean those four people are an anomaly? That some other factor like age or overall health contributed? With such a small sample size, it is not easy to determine true likelihood. Meanwhile, if 25 percent of 2,000 trial participants have a heart attack, then that's a stronger indication of a side effect.
I thought it was 1b/2a. Frequency Therapeutics is also working on strengthening the synapses and myelination of the cells. They openly said they were working on that as well. I think that they will get a larger number once that is sorted.
 
I thought it was 1b/2a. Frequency Therapeutics is also working on strengthening the synapses and myelination of the cells. They openly said they were working on that as well. I think that they will get a larger number once that is sorted.
Then obviously they will need an additional trial (or two) before going to market.
 
Then obviously they will need an additional trial (or two) before going to market.
I doubt that. I think that they are just talking about it and will speed up the process when they find success with this. Take whatever I say with a grain of salt because there is no way for any of us to actually know what is going on.
 
You said you're a musician. I am (was) too. But I also know electronics backwards and forwards because I'm an engineer. High frequency waves carry far more energy than low frequency waves. Therefore our hearing loss is more than likely associated with damage to our high frequency regions of our cochleas. Our hearing damage is not from the bass speakers but the tweeters. Most sounds in our natural environment aren't above 16kHz. That's why we don't perceive our hearing loss. Trust me, it is there. Our hair cells are like Hiroshima in those frequencies. Your tinnitus is from loud noise. Get with the program doug. Think about it. Stop naysaying me. If you want we can have a guitar shred-off to settle this.

Also, stop defending the FDA, lest you look stupid. Most intelligent people in the US understand how fucked up the government is. Plus the powers of the FDA are blatantly unconstitutional per the non delegation clause.

Seriously, wise up.
John, I'm well aware of everything you have posted, and in fact, have posted in detail in the past about there being more energy in higher frequencies. I'm also aware that at some point in my higher frequencies there will be a loss somewhere. However, the loss at these higher frequencies is prevalent in pretty much everyone on the planet, including all the other musicians I've worked with. The problem is that not all of us have tinnitus and there's no current explanation why only approximately 10% of us hear it with upper-frequency damage and hidden hearing damage. There's no doubt that hearing loss is involved somehow, but there has to be more to it. It's a complex issue.

One model shows there's a link with our limbic system suggesting something has gone wrong it. There have been studies using various brain imaging techniques that highlight a difference between tinnitus sufferers and non-tinnitus sufferers. Others suggest that it is down to hyperactive neurons in the auditory cortex causing phantom sounds. There's a theory that suggests that activity is suppressed in the KV channels of our DCN, and/or there's hyperactivity in the fusiform cells.

Hearing damage alone in these cases can not explain tinnitus. If this were the case, everybody on the planet would have it because we all have hearing loss, bar none. Every soldier, just like every musician, will have hearing loss somewhere. However, not all soldiers and musicians have tinnitus. Some researchers believe there is a cocktail between stress and hearing loss that creates the perfect storm for tinnitus to emerge, but this is just a theory.

With all this said, you still haven't answered what you expect people to do regarding FX-322?

In your other thread I wrote this:

Are you aware there was a $1.8m report in 2006, by the Institute of Medicine, that found major problems with the FDA's process for ensuring the safety of drugs in the US?

The FDA produced a report of their own to address the issues which can be found here:

https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs...ormationforPatientsandProviders/UCM171627.pdf

I suggest reading it all, but I'll post an excerpt below:

New drugs, devices, and diagnostics present the greatest opportunity currently available to improve healthcare and the way medicine is practiced; but all medical products pose potential risks. The FDA is challenged to make sure that it consistently balances access and innovation against the steps taken to improve our approach to safety issues. The Agency's efforts to improve drug safety must not dampen the process of medical innovation that could itself enable safer approaches to drug development and drug use. Stimulating the development of products that can be used safely and effectively by patients suffering from unmet medical needs is important. Safety and innovation, as well as efficiency in drug development, do not necessarily conflict but are dependent on one another. A more modern, efficient, and risk-based drug development process will improve FDA's ability to detect safety-related problems earlier. FDA will not achieve enhanced safety programs without also pursuing innovation in the way that drugs are developed.
The emerging science of safety also offers a way to partially solve a fundamental dilemma: the trade off between safety and access. A clear example of this trade off occurs when FDA, after analysis of adverse events, considers whether to withdraw a drug from the market for safety reasons. While withdrawal of the drug would avoid further adverse events, it would also deprive patients for whom the drug is effective of its benefits. If, however, new science enables us to determine that the adverse events are restricted to a small, identifiable segment of the population, public health could be improved by making the drug available to others who could benefit without undue risk.
The new science of safety, by its very nature, will require an interdisciplinary team approach to assessment, incorporating experts in genetics, cell biology, and other basic sciences with clinical pharmacologists, clinicians, statisticians, epidemiologists, and informatics experts. We agree with the IOM that adequately incorporating the input from these various experts will require a much more formalized, semi-quantitative approach to benefit and risk analyses and continuing reorganization of regulatory processes. We regard improving our approaches to risk and benefit analysis to be one of the important facets of the science of safety that urgently requires additional development.


There's more info here:

http://nationalacademies.org/hmd/Re...the-Public/Change-Drug-Safety-Policy-FDA.aspx

Again, I encourage activism, but I'm not sure what you want people to do at this stage?

FX-322 is in the very early stages and has to go through a vigorous process. A few people off a forum will not be able to change the regulations. It is an unknown drug in early development.

If the data from phase IIa, in a few years, is promising, you could launch a campaign to try and get it fast-tracked. However, if it's a drug that looks to be safe and efficacious then it will likely achieve this status organically. Until then it's a waiting game.

At this stage nobody will listen to you, and this likely includes Frequency Therapeutics.

Are you suggesting you can change the regulations on new drugs?

What is it that you want to do exactly?
 
Some researchers believe there is a cocktail between stress and hearing loss that creates the perfect storm for tinnitus to emerge, but this is just a theory.

I subscribe to the "hyper fusiform cells in the auditory brain" / central gain model.

I believe tinnitus is a combination of hearing loss + other factors like TMD, stress, GABA deficiency.

And still I don't see why treating the hearing loss will not be effective.
 
I would guess this bird might know as much as we do about the outcome of the FX-322 trial.

giphy.gif
 
@Ed209: Seriously, thanks for taking the time to post this. The thoughtfulness and research puts the rest of us to shame.

If the data from phase IIa, in a few years, is promising, you could launch a campaign to try and get it fast-tracked. However, if it's a drug that looks to be safe and efficacious then it will likely achieve this status organically. Until then it's a waiting game.
David Lucchino alluded to possible fast-tracking in a recent radio interview. From what I can make out these guys have collectively put more drugs through the FDA than I've had hot dinners. They know what they're doing.
 
Some researchers believe there is a cocktail between stress and hearing loss that creates the perfect storm for tinnitus to emerge, but this is just a theory.
It's happened to me and my daughter exactly like this. It's more than a theory. My dad doesn't have tinnitus and his hearing is completely shot at 82. The only difference was no stress and anxiety about life. We all have the same genetic condition that robs us of our hearing by the time we are about 50 years old.

Everyone is different but there is a direct correlation between the amount of stress and the hearing loss you have. I had lots of loss and no stress until I got it at 42 when I became depressed with anxiety. My daughter had lots and lots of stress from school with very little hearing loss and got it by the time she was 17.

And yes there is also lots of evidence that getting all your frequencies back will eliminate tinnitus. Many users including myself the tinnitus goes away when we wear our hearing aids. There is also a direct correlation between the loudness of the tinnitus and the volume of the hearing aid. I can run tests on myself all day long, but as long as your hearing is due to sensorineural loss then this stuff is either going to work or reduce the volume overall depending on where you end up on the hearing chart.

I'm no doctor but just a guy that likes to experiment on himself a lot.
 
John, there are people here speculating that FX-322 may cause heart attacks. This is just fear mongering based on ignorance. They have stated that after the drug is given they aren't detecting it in the blood.

Also someone insinuated that phase 2 data will be available "in a few years". If there is a phase 2 they already stated it would start next year and the length of the current trial from complete enrollment to completion is about 4 months.

So let's do some maths. :bookworm:

If they start phase 2 in the summer, say July, of 2019 then there are 12 months in a year, July is the 7th month. 7 + 4 is 11. The 11th month is November. That's a year from now, not "a few years". Years is the plural of year, which denotes more than one.
:facepalm:
 
Just a reminder about the safety, from phase 1 trial last year:

"This goal was achieved by showing that FX-322 was well tolerated with no drug related adverse events reported. Further, the results validated the feasibility of using a standard intratympanic injection to deliver FX-322 locally to the inner ear. In addition, we found that FX-322 successfully diffused from the middle ear to the perilymph fluid in the cochlea with minimal systemic drug exposure."
https://www.businesswire.com/news/h...s’-First-in-Human-Safety-Study-FX-322-Hearing

It is safe. It gets into the cochlea. It regrows human cochlear haircells and ribbon synapses. It restored the hearing in rodents.

Super scientist Will McLean of Frequency Therapeutics, allegedly is Reddit poster The Leviathan, and stated his opinion that many cases of tinnitus are caused by hearing loss.

The-Leviathan • Jan 9, 2013, 4:59 PM
"Also an ear expert here, and Ph.D. student in the above mentioned lab. Ultimately tinnitus comes down to hair cell damage/malfunction. Hearing loss might not be detected in people with tinnitus if the region responsible is small, and the nearby areas are excited by the traveling wave along the cochlea. Some ways to detect this are tone-matching experiments, and masking nearby regions. Either way, the fault lies in the hair cell, and regenerating or repairing those hair cells will help tinnitus. After all, the tinnitus is really just the brain filling in lost information not being relayed by hair cells."
 
John, there are people here speculating that FX-322 may cause heart attacks. This is just fear mongering based on ignorance. They have stated that after the drug is given they aren't detecting it in the blood.

Also someone insinuated that phase 2 data will be available "in a few years". If there is a phase 2 they already stated it would start next year and the length of the current trial from complete enrollment to completion is about 4 months.

So let's do some maths. :bookworm:

If they start phase 2 in the summer, say July, of 2019 then there are 12 months in a year, July is the 7th month. 7 + 4 is 11. The 11th month is November. That's a year from now, not "a few years". Years is the plural of year, which denotes more than one.
:facepalm:
I did not speculate it would cause heart attacks, I gave an example of why a clinical trial of only 16 people does not provide enough data to release a drug for public sale. You could replace "heart attack" with any health condition. We all know correlation does not always equal causation, but that is more difficult to clearly prove with a smaller sample size.

For example, FX-322 is intended to cure hearing loss. What if four of the 16 people getting it experience tinnitus? Does that mean 25 percent of people who receive it will have tinnitus? Or was it simply a coincidence?
 
https://www.businesswire.com/news/h...s’-First-in-Human-Safety-Study-FX-322-Hearing

It is safe. It gets into the cochlea. It regrows human cochlear haircells and ribbon synapses.
The provided link includes that the drug was safe and entered the cochlea of the nine participants. However, it does not say whether the drug regrew human cochlear cells and ribbon synapses. Is there another link with that information? Did the nine participants undergo the cochlear implants they had scheduled for 24 hours later? It sounds like they did based on the quote regarding future testing on people not undergoing implants whose hearing could be long term studied.

As someone with severe hearing loss, I am excited about the possibilities. I've undergone intratympanic steroid injections and they were a relatively easy procedure. So this isn't something I would hesitate to do — after it's been studied and undergone multiple clinical trials with larger trial populations.
 
Hopefully our tinnitus will calm down a bit and the wait will not be so long. Time will pass quickly if we stop thinking about FX-322 all day. Of course it is difficult.

Today I had thought not to enter the forum, but I did. LOL
All I have in mind is for the release of the machine while we wait for the cure. If the cure continues being a success, I hope they'll no longer take long breaks and instead get right to it and a fast track happens.

It's okay, this website is addicting so I understand. I hope you feel better and hopefully our tinnitus begins to calm down.

It's been loud due to many incidents, this shit sucks.
 
Just a reminder about the safety, from phase 1 trial last year:

"This goal was achieved by showing that FX-322 was well tolerated with no drug related adverse events reported. Further, the results validated the feasibility of using a standard intratympanic injection to deliver FX-322 locally to the inner ear. In addition, we found that FX-322 successfully diffused from the middle ear to the perilymph fluid in the cochlea with minimal systemic drug exposure."
https://www.businesswire.com/news/h...s’-First-in-Human-Safety-Study-FX-322-Hearing

It is safe. It gets into the cochlea. It regrows human cochlear haircells and ribbon synapses. It restored the hearing in rodents.

Super scientist Will McLean of Frequency Therapeutics, allegedly is Reddit poster The Leviathan, and stated his opinion that many cases of tinnitus are caused by hearing loss.

The-Leviathan • Jan 9, 2013, 4:59 PM
"Also an ear expert here, and Ph.D. student in the above mentioned lab. Ultimately tinnitus comes down to hair cell damage/malfunction. Hearing loss might not be detected in people with tinnitus if the region responsible is small, and the nearby areas are excited by the traveling wave along the cochlea. Some ways to detect this are tone-matching experiments, and masking nearby regions. Either way, the fault lies in the hair cell, and regenerating or repairing those hair cells will help tinnitus. After all, the tinnitus is really just the brain filling in lost information not being relayed by hair cells."
That was a stage 1 testing for safety, not proof of it working.

Please don't spread misinformation, you can hurt the trial doing that.
 
The provided link includes that the drug was safe and entered the cochlea of the nine participants. However, it does not say whether the drug regrew human cochlear cells and ribbon synapses.
The drug was injected into people shortly before they underwent cochlear implants so there was no chance to measure those things. It only had a few endpoints. The procedure was well-tolerated, very little of the drug entered the bloodstream, and the drug reached where it needed to reach and stayed in the cochlea for about the right length of time. It was not a complete safety trial of FX-322.
 
I think he was referencing the fact that they actually did the same thing in mice cochleas. Not that they proved it from the last study.

I think that we should all somewhat relax a little. None of us will know anything until it comes out. There is no use in going back and forth arguing when the outcome will be the same.
 
The drug was injected into people shortly before they underwent cochlear implants so there was no chance to measure those things. It only had a few endpoints. The procedure was well-tolerated, very little of the drug entered the bloodstream, and the drug reached where it needed to reach and stayed in the cochlea for about the right length of time. It was not a complete safety trial of FX-322.
Exactly, which is why I asked John for a link to support his claim that the drug regrew human cochlear hair cells and ribbon synapses. Proving that was not a goal of the first clinical test on humans, which is obviously why more testing is needed.
 
Was watching a recent YouTube video before of Frequency Therapeuticx and wow they seem confident. You know they didn't even intend to start as a hearing loss company, they were going after muscle regeneration and alopecia if it takes off.

If it continues showing success, I think I would invest in this promising biotech if it goes public.

Too early yet though, and the advantages over gene therapy and stem cell therapy is unbelievable if this technique works.

I wish them the best of luck, not only as a potential investor but as a sufferer of tinnitus and helping others with this condition.
 
I subscribe to the "hyper fusiform cells in the auditory brain" / central gain model.

I believe tinnitus is a combination of hearing loss + other factors like TMD, stress, GABA deficiency.

And still I don't see why treating the hearing loss will not be effective.
I totally respect this, Contrast, and don't disagree with you. All I'm saying is that we don't know, and I'm personally 50/50 on whether restoring hearing loss will fix tinnitus.

These are some of the reasons why I question it:

• Some people are born with tinnitus.

• Tinnitus can arise from situations that have nothing to do with hearing loss, such as a knock on the head, whiplash, tight muscles, spinal compression, etc.

• Some get tinnitus after childbirth.

• Some report tinnitus after prolonged periods of stress or burnout. You can also add grief to this as there are many reports of tinnitus onset after losing a loved one.

• Most people with hearing loss don't have tinnitus. Also, everyone has some form of age related hearing loss (presbycusis), and many have noticeable cookie bites and/or losses at certain frequencies in their audiograms, but don't have tinnitus. There are also people who are profoundly deaf who are without tinnitus. We are only born with 15,000 hair cells after all.

There are grounds to say that recovering lost hair cells may reduce or eliminate tinnitus, but we won't know this until it is tested.

I personally believe there is more complexity to the problem, which is why only 10% acquire it. Our brains change through a process of maladaptive plasticity, but is this entirely influenced by hearing loss or are there other factors that have to be present?

And finally, will restoring hearing loss correct a maladapted brain once the tinnitus is chronic? We know that the tinnitus signal spreads all over the brain once it is chronic, which is likely why we pick it up in our conscious awareness rather than it being filtered out.
 
Did I make any claim whatsoever that it worked in humans.

No.

Exhibit A:
It regrows human cochlear haircells and ribbon synapses.

Regrowing human cochlear haircells and ribbon synapses would be it working. Unless it did that but still did not restore hearing.

Or did you mean to say it could potentially regrow human cochlear haircells? It could, which is why it needs to undergo additional clinical trials following FDA protocols.
 
Was watching a recent YouTube video before of Frequency Therapeuticx and wow they seem confident. You know they didn't even intend to start as a hearing loss company, they were going after muscle regeneration and alopecia if it takes off.

If it continues showing success, I think I would invest in this promising biotech if it goes public.

Too early yet though, and the advantages over gene therapy and stem cell therapy is unbelievable if this technique works.

I wish them the best of luck, not only as a potential investor but as a sufferer of tinnitus and helping others with this condition.
Most companies, especially if they need investors, are confident.
 
Most companies, especially if they need investors, are confident.
I know this all too well, Tinker Bell :LOL:. I've invested in a few medical start ups back when I was heavily into the stock market; I used to take it really seriously. I met with CEO's and chairmen, and was in direct email contact with some of them after sharing a few whiskeys with them.

Two notable ones that I invested in was a new leukaemia drug and a contraceptive start up. It's a funny story with the contraceptive one because they did a presentation for me and two mates who were there, which was really odd, and I'm not sure how we kept a straight face. At the end they gave us all a bag with lube, condoms and wipes in that were from their range. We were falling about laughing because for the rest of the day we were carrying this stuff round in a professional environment, in a see through bag like we were some kind of sex crazy maniacs.

Later on, I was basically standing talking to a guy - whose company I was heavily invested in - with a bag of condoms and lube hanging out my hand :LOL:. I'm sure he thought, "I don't want your investment that much!" :ROFL:

But yea, the moral of the story is that all companies have to be supremely confident, and if they're not, you have to question why they are bothering.
 
Exhibit A:

Regrowing human cochlear haircells and ribbon synapses would be it working. Unless it did that but still did not restore hearing.

Or did you mean to say it could potentially regrow human cochlear haircells? It could, which is why it needs to undergo additional clinical trials following FDA protocols.
Someone talked to Jeff Karp about it and in previous studies they found evidence for this happening. I'm confident in their success because of the success Novartis has had in functional hearing regeneration in living people. Novartis has successfully restored partial hearing in severely deaf people. Frequency Therapeutics' approach is waaayyyy better than Novartis so it is possible that this might help us out. Besides, I doubt that something that works in dead human cochleas and living mice cochleas would fail.

A lot of us have been closely watching different studies and research papers for months now. Within the 80+ parts of this thread, towards the end of it we've found more hope in Frequency Therapeutics than in any other place. If we are wrong, we are wrong. It seems like different people on this forum (not necessarily you) have snuffed our people's dreams because they hoped for a completely different treatment that ended up failing. It seems crazy and more detrimental to rob people of their hope, even if it is bizarre. The minute people on these forums lose something to look forward to, they lose hope on life altogether. Let's push forward with a neutral approach.
 

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