I also believe that the underlying cause of tinnitus is an abnormality occured in the brainwaves.
Initially, I thought of tinnitus purely as a problem of the ear. It later dawned on me that it has more to do with the brain than the ear.
As for treatments, in this case...
How can this abnormality be treated?
That I do not know, but Dr. Vanneste sounded confident:
"From here, we hope to stimulate specific brain areas involved in these diseases at alpha frequencies to normalize the brainwaves again. We have a rationale that we believe will make this type of therapy work."
There is a long thread about this TCD an operation (HIFU) that a doctor thought about hoping that it could fix the TCD, and a very sad case (viking) who went through a very costly and painful operation in Switzwerland, and he put up with the long waiting, the transportation, the high price and all the pain, only to end up in great dismal after obtaining NO results in the reduction of tinnitus. He got disappointed and upset that he left the forum.
That's one single case. Of which I know nothing about. Nor do I know anything about that doctor you mention, or the operation in question. Many crooks that call themselves doctors are out there, trying to make a fortune out of hopeless people, people in despair. That's a known, established fact. We have to be careful with who we trust and who we give our money to.
Who was the doctor he saw? Doctor who?
Where did he have this treatment? What exactly was this treatment?
TCD may not be the answer to tinnitus. In fact, tinnitus is a complex problem, and unless we start breaking it down into smaller pieces that we can work on, then we may never understand it or find a solution to it. But it seems to me like these researchers have discovered something important. It cannot be swept away as nothing just because some guy on a forum reported bad results from some TCD treatment he payed some doctor to perform on him.
Problems in the green area can lead to tinnitus, but I do not think that acoustic traumas can cause problems in the green areas, and that may be the cause why so many people did not have any noise exposure or acoustic traumas, but remained with tinnitus after a difficult time (stress, anxiety, bereavement, etc) in their lives (many members report "stress" as the cause of their tinnitus, and that green area corroborates with what they are saying
Mind me if I'm wrong, I am no neuroscientist. But as I recall, that green area is the auditory cortex, is it not?
So... acoustic trauma kills off your hair cells... and what do you think it does to your nervous system? Or better yet, what do you think fear does to your nervous system? The very definition of fear is feeling of agitation and anxiety caused by the presence of imminent danger. That's what an acoustic trauma does, it kills your ears, puts extreme stress on your auditory system and the entire nervous system, including the areas that process emotions.
Any kind of traumatic event will send your stress levels through the roof. The damage is not only physical (the visible) but also psychological/neurological (the invisible). It doesn't have to be acoustic trauma. You could go through a divorce, lose a loved one or lose a job. Of course, you can experience stress for any number of reasons. It's not possible to exist in a modern/westernized world without feeling the effects of stress. Even getting a bad grade on an exam can cause you to stress out of fear of not getting into collage.
To some degree, stress can also be a source of good, it can help us survive. That's why we have it, it's part of the body's defense mechanism. It can help us push through difficulties. But it can either make us or break us. Balance is the key here. But it's not difficult to throw us off balance, because we live in a time where the society puts unreasonable pressure and unreasonable expectations on us from the day we are born.
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Then pop into another machine to have it sucked out of existence, just as easy as pulling out a bad tooth. 
