We had a candidate for governor in Louisiana named
David Duke back in the 90s. He also ran for President at one point. People would tell you all day long about how his supporters weren't racist, or how he had some good ideas.
Let me tell you, though. As he is a former Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan, if you supported David Duke, you were literally supporting white supremacy and white supremacists. To a one, the folks I talked to would say "Oh I'm not racist" but then the views he espoused? The 'great replacement theory' for instance, or that AA-style minority assistance programs should be cut? "Oh yeah I can't let our culture be eroded, that's a great thing to fight against." "Freeloaders should be forced to work! Get them off their lazy butts and out into the workforce!"
To a one, those folks would repeat perspectives of Duke's which were straight out of the fascism and white supremacist playbooks - perspectives you'd expect to hear from hardcore racists, not from middle-ground conservatives. But, because the guy who'd been anointed the Party Candidate said them, they would internalize them, and repeat them, and soon be evangelizing them.
It taught me one thing really well. The vast majority of Republicans will accept the party's nominated candidate without much critical thinking about who that person is, and they will internalize that person's perspective and evangelize it naturally, because that's what they do - they parrot the party line. I watched it happen with Duke, who almost won the Louisiana governorship despite literally having called for the lynchings of black folks in his youth; I watched the national party support Duke when he ran for the Presidency.
In the late 90s Duke abandoned all pretense and resumed espousing white supremacy and anti-semitism, proving that he'd never actually abandoned those perspectives.
I've since watched Donald Trump run on a platform that espouses unfettered greed, contempt for the law, treats compassion and empathy as weaknesses, and which isolates and alienates minority groups by design. I've watched his supporters internalize, accept, and evangelize those perspectives. I've watched Trump say things like immigrants are "poisoning the blood of our country" and I've watched folks celebrate those words as if they are something positive to hear.
You want to say "but what about those people who are silent and disagree and yet still support Trump?" After 1/6? I'd suggest they're the same as those who'd vote for a former Grand Wizard of the KKK - complicit by their own choices, and clearly, failing to denounce ideas and people whose perspectives ostensibly conflict with their own for the personal gain of their party winning.
Which makes them no different from the guy pulling the lever because he wants Trump to deport every immigrant, legal or not, since 1950. They've chosen the company they keep, and it reflects on their character directly.
As I said in my post, the 14th amendment has been used multiple times after the civil war and at no point did it require a legal conviction.