Among my many scholarly articles I have surveyed in keeping up to date with tinnitus research, I have come to find a few things in landmark studies that seem to greatly undermine the idea purported by both healthcare professionals and users of this site alike. Many of these people claim that habituation, the sensation whereby a tinnitus suffered becomes desensitized to the ringing and largely ignores or eliminated it from consciousness, as the best "cure" or hope we have in this life. While I agree that there is currently no big hope in regards to getting rid of this curse, I want to dispel the myth of habituation once and for all. I will admit my bias in this argument: I have never stood for CBT, TRT, or any other anxiety/depression (not tinnitus) therapy whose end goal is the supposed "habituation".
As the study the link provided below highlight, those with chronic tinnitus have dysfunctions in various neural networks. In this case, those networks are the dorsal attention network (DAN) and default mode network (DMN). The DAN is activated and used when we are required to pay attention to something, when the brain is most active in trying to capture and encode sensory information. When we aren't paying attention to anything, or at rest, we use the DMN, meaning we aren't paying attention to anything and are at rest.
The neuroimaging study found that those with chronic tinnitus seem to constantly use the DAN, meaning our brain is always paying attention to something (likely the noise) and could explain why many suffers constantly feel tired. If this is the case, then the brain constantly using the DAN would mean we never truly habituate and that eliminating it from our mind is impossible. Another study by Josef Rouschecker (I'm not providing a link but he did a TED Talk on tinnitus) suggested a possible gate keeping mechanism of the Thalamic Recticular Nucleus in the limbic system, which in a healthy person suppresses an unwanted sound. When the limbic regulation fails, so too does the TRN, allowing the tinnitus signal to reach levels of consciousness.
Tinnitus happen for many complex changes in the brain, but it seems increasingly obvious that the brain dedicates much of its resources to maintaining attention to it. A meta-analysis paper suggested that tinnitus is the brain's way of trying to prevent apoptosis (neuron death) in the auditory cortex by producing artificial sound so the neurons stay stimulated, rather than letting them die off as they are useless without their accompanies hair cells in the cochlea to give them information.
With this, I conclude that habituation is not what many professionals or users on this site claim it is. I'm sure some of you might respond with "Well I only hear mine when I think about it or its really quiet". It does not disprove my point because it is constantly acting at the level of conscious attention, and your brain makes it very difficult to ignore. There might also be variances in your specific brain, such as a TRN that still partially works, and if you have a positive affect, may allow it to be occasionally suppressed.
But this post is to address those with true, chronic tinnitus that ruins their lives, even on a good day.
The link describing the study from the school that published its is below:
http://illinois.edu/emailer/newsletter/137502.html