Can you explain to me why so many have a somatic element, yet others don't? In fact why is some tinnitus somatic and others not. I don't know the science behind all of this.
I really can't, I am not a scientist, just someone who has tried to understand my own problems as well as I can.
Here's what I know:
In the 80s Dr. Richard Salvi from UB discovered that a lot of tinnitus patients could change the sound by moving their neck or jaw. This was surprising to him, so he did a formal study and concluded that 80% of people with tinnitus could modulate it to SOME extent.
This led to other research.
The UMich device (or Lenire), at a base level, is supposed to work like this:
Your Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus (DCN) gets nerve fibers from the ears as well as touch-sensing nerves in the neck and face. It "integrates" these and passes a more processed data stream on to the rest of the brain.
In (somatic) tinnitus patients, in the DCN, some of the wires from touch-sensing nerves get crosswired into the output to the auditory cortex. This is thought to be the DCN trying to maintain homeostasis.
The device uses electrical trickery to exploit "spike timing dependent plasticity" to basically fool the DCN into thinking it's getting full audio data from the ear again, and undoes this cross wiring (which takes a couple weeks to happen).
UMich told me that people who do not seem to be able to modulate their tinnitus at all with any muscle movement MIGHT still benefit from this device, or a future version -- and that future version might involve figuring out exactly which nerves are incorrectly wired at the DCN level.
It may also be that there are
other types of tinnitus which involve no changes at the DCN, but either actual misfiring nerves in the ear, or problems in other brain regions. All of those things are still huge question marks.